International migration has long been considered in political discourse in the context of various threats. In the last twenty years, the systematically growing inflow of immigrants to European Union countries has meant that cheap, foreign labor force has also been perceived as a destabilizing factor of security within society. This destabilizer is analyzed and associated mainly with the situation in the labour market, including the level of unemployment, segmentation of labour markets, access to social benefits, competitiveness in labour markets. After immigrants started to make up 5 to 10 percent of the majority in present-day European Union countries—this happened at the end of the 1990s—migrants ceased to be considered as a factor enriching the culture of the host country but as a threat to national identity and culture, as well as an economic threat.

Recently, various measures and mechanisms of border control and restrictions on the movement of people have begun to be introduced with increased vigour. Migration policy is an area where compliance with national and international laws can work well in combating international terrorism and transnational organized crime.

On the basis of the above observations, workshop participants of the international seminar had the opportunity to discuss the challenges related to migration and related issues, such as radicalization, migration policy, cultural changes in European society and potential challenges to the European Union.